Fig 8. GRK-2 is expressed and acts in command interneurons to regulate locomotion. (A)
grk-2 is expressed in commandinterneurons. Representative images of a Z-stack projection of the area around the nerve ring (head) of an animal coexpressingtagRFP fused to the GRK-2 cDNA driven by the
grk-2 promoter (
grk-2::RFP, transgene yakIs19) and a
cho-1 fosmid YFP reporter(
cho-1fosmid::SL2::YFP::H2B, transgene otIs534). For the
cho-1 fosmid reporter, an SL2-spliced, nuclear-localized YFP::H2Bsequence was engineered right after the stop codon of the gene [93,110]. As indicated in the figure,
grk-2::RFP is expressed in theAVA, AVB, AVD, and AVE command interneurons; SMD and RMD head motor neurons; and in the AIN, AIY, SIA, SIB, and SAAinterneurons. Scale bar: 10 um. (B-D)
grk-2 cDNA expression in (B) SMD/RMD (Pcho-1, 3.3 to 2.6 kb upstream of the ATG,transgene yakEx135), (C) SIA/SIB (Pceh-24, transgene yakEx149), or (D) AIY (Pttx-3, transgene yakEx138) neurons does notrescue the slow locomotion of
grk-2(
gk268) mutants. (Error bars = SEM; n = 15). (E)
grk-2 cDNA expression in commandinterneurons (Psra-11 + Pnmr-1, transgene yakEx141) is sufficient to rescue the slow locomotion of
grk-2(
gk268) mutants. (***,P<0.001. Error bars = SEM; n = 25). (F)
grk-2 cDNA expression in command interneurons (Psra-11 + Pnmr-1, transgene yakEx141)is sufficient to rescue the strong fainting phenotype of
grk-2(
gk268);
nlf-1(
tm3631) mutants. (***, P<0.001. Error bars = SEM;n = 40). (G)
dop-3 cDNA expression in command interneurons (Psra-11 + Pnmr-1, transgene yakEx148) is sufficient to reverse thedop-3
(vs106) mutant suppression of the slow locomotion of
grk-2(
gk268) mutant animals. (**, P<0.01. Error bars = SEM; n = 23).