In wild-type animals, GLD-3 is expressed in the germline cytoplasm throughout the mitotic, transition and pachytene zones, in oocytes and primary spermatocytes. Masculinized
fem-3(gf) germlines were stained and found that GLD-3 was expressed throughout the mitotic and meiotic regions, but not in secondary spermatocytes. A similar expression pattern was observed in masculinized
cyp-4 animals, with the one difference that the transition zone and pachytene region were larger than in
fem-3(gf) animals, possibly because the latter produced more sperm that filled the distal germline.