- innate immune response
Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.
- antiviral innate immune response
A defense response against viruses mediated through an innate immune response. An innate immune response is mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.
- antibacterial innate immune response
An defense response against a bacteria mediated through an innate immune response. An innate immune response is mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.
- antifungal innate immune response
An defense response against a fungus mediated through an innate immune response. An innate immune response is mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.
- mucociliary clearance
The respiratory system process driven by motile cilia on epithelial cells of the respiratory tract by which mucus and associated inhaled particles and pathogens trapped within it are moved out of the airways.
- neutrophic extracellular trap formation
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a neutrophil extracellular trap, a network of extracellular fibers primarily composed of DNA from neutrophils, which bind and neutralizes pathogens.
- melanization defense response
The blackening of the wounded area of the cuticle or the surface of invading pathogens, parasites or parasitoids, resulting from a proteolytic cascade leading to the de novo synthesis and deposition of melanin.
- NLRP3 inflammasome complex
An inflammasome complex that consists of three components, NLRP3 (NALP3), PYCARD and caspase-1. It is activated upon exposure to whole pathogens, as well as a number of structurally diverse pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs) and environmental irritants. Whole pathogens demonstrated to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome complex include the fungi Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacteria that produce pore-forming toxins, including Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, and viruses such as Sendai virus, adenovirus, and influenza virus.