- spz [Search on AGR]
Drosophila melanogaster spatzle (spz) encodes a secreted protein which, after cleavage by an extracellular serine protease (encoded by ea or SPE), can induce the dimerization of the product of Tl, and the subsequent activation of the Toll pathway. It contributes to function of the Toll signaling cascade, which plays a key role in various developmental and immune processes, notably embryonic dorso-ventral patterning and regulation of antimicrobial peptides.
- Tl [Search on AGR]
Drosophila melanogaster Toll (Tl) encodes a transmembrane receptor that activates the Tl intracellular signaling pathway upon binding the ligand encoded by spz. It is involved in dorso-ventral embryonic patterning and immunity.
- SPE [Search on AGR]
Drosophila melanogaster Spatzle-Processing Enzyme (SPE) encodes a secreted serine protease that participates in the cleavage of the Toll ligand encoded by spz during the immune response, leading to Toll pathway activation in the fat body and haemocytes.
- psh [Search on AGR]
Drosophila melanogaster persephone (psh) encodes a hemolymphatic serine protease activated by microbial proteases during infection. It regulates Toll pathway activity upstream of the serine protease encoded by SPE, which cleaves the product of spz.
- ea [Search on AGR]
Drosophila melanogaster easter (ea) encodes a secreted serine protease that upon activation by the product of snk cleaves the ligand of the Toll pathway encoded by spz during early embryonic development. This ea role is restricted to the dorso-ventral patterning of the embryo.
- modSP [Search on AGR]
Drosophila melanogaster modular serine protease (modSP) encodes a protein that functions downstream of microbial sensing receptors encoded by PGRP-SA and GNBP3 in the extracellular proteolytic cascade leading to Toll pathway activation during the immune response. It initiates the proteolytic cascade leading to the cleavage of the Toll ligand encoded by spz.
- grass [Search on AGR]
Drosophila melanogaster Gram-positive Specific Serine protease (grass) encodes a secreted serine protease that is involved downstream of the microbial sensing receptors encoded by GNBP3 and PGRP-SA in the activation of the Toll pathway during the immune response. It functions downstream of the serine protease encoded by modSP and upstream of the enzyme encoded by SPE, which cleaves the product of spz.